GAMO1 (Gates of the Mountains, MT, Lat. 46.8262, Long. -111.7107, Alt. 2392)
2 and a half years aerosol data are available in Gates of the Mountains during the sampling period of 1997 - 2002. As shown in Figure 1, the overall average total light extinction coefficient (Bext) is 22.4 Mm-1 (Visual Range ~ 174 Km; Deciview ~ 8.1). The average PM2.5 mass concentration is 2.6 mg/m3. The average contributions of the major aerosol components to Gates of the Mountains haze are particulate sulfate 17.2%, nitrate 6.3%, organic matter (OMC) 20.8%, elemental carbon (light absorbing carbon, LAC) 5.1%, fine soil 1.7% and coarse mass (CM) 4.1%.
Figure 1 Average contributions of major aerosol chemical components to light extinction (Based on data available in 1997-2002)
Figure 2 Average contributions of major aerosol chemical components to light extinction in 20% best, middle 60% and 20% worst days (Based on data available in 1997-2002)
As Figure 2 indicates, the average aerosol light extinction coefficient (Bext Rayleigh Scattering (10 Mm-1)) during the 20% worst days is 28.5 Mm-1, which is about 8.2 times of the value of 3.5 Mm-1 during the 20% best days and 2.9 times of the value of 9.8 Mm-1 during the middle 60% days. OMC is the largest contributor to aerosol light extinction during the 20% worst days, and the contribution of OMC to aerosol light extinction is ~ 49.4% in worst days. Sulfate also contributes 22.4% to aerosol light extinction.
Figure 3 suggests that the highest occurrence of the 20% worst days happened in August, in which ~60% of the sampling days are the 20% haziest days at Gates of the Mountains. As shown in Figure 4, OMC is the largest aerosol contributor to haze in the summer, with a contribution of ~ 50% in the worst days in July and August.
Figure 3 Percentage of sampling days that are 20% worst days in each month (Based on data available in 1997-2002)
Figure 4 Average contributions of major aerosol chemical components to light extinction during 20% worst days in each month (Based on data available in 1997-2002)